lesson 6 - the particle pi

vocab

󱤄 aleall, every, everything, entirety

󱥐 pinifinish, stop, prevent; close, disable, turn off; ended, past; edge, end, conclusion

󱤪 lipuflat object; book, card, leaf, paper, document, website

󱤔 kalafish, marine animal, sea creature, swimming creature

󱥌 panagive, send, emit, provide, put, release; gift, present

󱤗 kasiplant, vegetation; herb, leaf

󱥍 pi particleregroups modifiers

lesson

the particle 󱥍 pi

󱥍 pi is a really useful particle that regroups modifiers.

normally, each modifier modifies the sum of all the previous words in the phrase. the particle 󱥍 pi creates a second phrase which modifies the first phrase.

󱤔 󱥔 󱤼
kala pona mute

many good fish

󱤔 󱥍 󱥔 󱤼
kala pi pona mute

very good fish

in the first example, 󱤼 mute modifies 󱤔󱥔 kala pona, while in the second example, 󱥔󱤼 pona mute modifies 󱤔 kala.

definition of phrase

phrase refers to a collection of a main word + modifiers, like 󱤑 jan or 󱤎󱤶 ilo moku.

note about long phrases

it's a common mistake to try to cram as much information as possible into just one phrase. try to avoid this!

if you want to be more easily understood, it's often better to describe concepts in sentences, and then refer back to previously described concepts with a concise phrase which makes sense within the context you've established.

examples

󱤴󱥬󱤉 󱤌 󱥍 󱥔 󱤼
mi toki e ijo pi pona mute

i talk about a very good thing

󱤴󱥬󱤉 󱤌 󱥔 󱤼
mi toki e ijo pona mute

i talk about many good things

󱤴󱥬󱤉 󱤌 󱤼 󱥍 󱥔 󱤼
mi toki e ijo mute pi pona mute

i talk about many things which are very good

exercises

translate from toki pona to english

kasi telo li ken moku

seaweed is edible

soweli li pana e lipu pi sona mute

the animal is handing out documents with lots of knowledge

jan pi sona kala li sona e ni · kala li ken moku e jan

the marine biologist knows that fish can eat people

ona li waso pi suwi mute

they're a really cute bat

ale li kama kala

everyone is turning into fish

ijo sin pi mute pona li kama

a good amount of new stuff is arriving

translate from english to toki pona

i'm reading the book of evil knowledge

mi lukin e lipu pi sona ike

the bugs built a library for books about bugs

pipi li pali e tomo pi lipu pipi

my friend who knows how to build houses is handing out documents about building

jan mi li pana e lipu pali · ona li sona pali e tomo

the absence of my partner makes everything bad

weka pi olin mi li ike e ale

people who are very far away are trying to eat my fish

jan pi weka mute li lukin moku e kala mi

read sitelen pona

󱤔󱤧󱥷󱤮󱤉󱤗󱥍󱤪󱥞

kala li wile lukin e kasi pi lipu sina
the fish wants to see the flowers in your book

󱤴󱥷󱥶󱤉󱥑󱤄

mi wile weka e pipi ale
i want to get rid of all bugs

󱤗󱤧󱥌󱤉󱥵

kasi li pana e wawa
plants give strength

󱥢󱤨󱤧󱤘󱥵

soweli lili li ken wawa
small animals can be strong

󱥐󱥍󱤪󱥞󱤧󱤍

pini pi lipu sina li ike
the ending of your book could use some work
the end of your book is bad